mechwart



(N0 Mode l.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

- A. MEGHWART.

ROTARY PLOW. No. 534,403. PaJtented Foil); 19, 1895 Mu MM ATTORNEY (NoModel.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. MEGHWART. ROTARY PLOW.

o. 534,403. Patented Feb. 19,1895.

IN VENT 0R 44am wa ATTORNEY (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. A. MEGHWART.

ROTARY PLOW No. 534,403. Patented Feb. 19, 1895.

IN VEN T OR ATTORNE (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. MEOHWART. ROTARYPLOW N0. 534,403. Patented Feb. 19, 1895.

1 T NESSES 11v VENTOR TTORNEY 3c of constructionandoperation. o

its cutters act 'shearingly and lift the molds -precedingshare hasquite; finished cutting.

' UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE,

ANDREAS MEOHWAR'i, OF BUDA-PESTH, USTRIA-Houdini RIOITARY PLow.

sra cmrca'mon a ming- 5 of team Patent No. 534,403, dated 19, 189;,

A ines filed Kay 19, 1894. sum No. 511.824. (no-maul;

1'6 tall liqhom it may concernr Be it known that I, ANDREAS MEGHWA'RT',

a subject of the Emperorof Austria-Hungary,- .residing at Buda-Pe sth,Austria-Hungary,

5' have invented new and useful'Improvem'ents in Rotary Flaws, of whichthe following is'a' specification. f I My invention has for its objecttoprovide I a rotary plow adapted, more especially to be ire hauled by atraction locomotive on'yvhich it is mounted, and having a simple anddurable construction and efiicient operation.

My' improved plow is designed to'cut co mpact molds from the groundsurface and de posit' the molds regularly 'in inverted condition behindthe cutting device which is a dru in carrying knife-like sharespecnliarlyfor med an(I -arranged. The machine therefore is. to-

I be clearly distinguishedjfrom that class of so-' do called rotaryplows which have 'a' rotary drum .cairrying series "of narrow spades or.teeth which simply loosen the ground and scatter it upward and throw itabout unevenly, like harrows or cultivators. I l 1 I 51 I have for along time made a special study of rotary plowing machines, and aftermaking many'piactical experimentsin thefieldJfindthat the best resultsare obtained by or from a machine combining the following features Theplow should'cut'compact molds ,from' the ground surface and'depositthese molds regularly to the rear and in inverted condi- -'tioi1, and assoon as. possible after lifting the I molds from the, ground to avoid.loss of power .andhinderance to the cutting such as would be'caused bycarrying the cut moldsor earth upward an'd'over-the top of thesharedrum.

" The share drum should bearranged so that and discharge then) rearward'and inverted,"

- and at-the same time the shares' should work '.in the'gsoilcontinuQhSI-fthat is to say,-one.

share should begin to-cut'a mold before the I its mold,- whereb'y -thepower rotating thefdI-JiHLWiH-DB applied uniformly at all points.

.of-it's jrotation, aud shocks to the powertrans- .Eihifttingfgearingwill be avoided, The share 5'6- d'ifum should also cut downward andrearward or s'llfould-ro'tate-inthesame direction as the tatedbymechanism or gearing'specially arranged'to' prevent the draft or pull ofthe gearing from raising the plow inorgfrom the ing at either side or'at one sid'e, of an already plowed portion-of the ground while thecontrolled from the ground surface and at a- ,place as near as may be tothe place of out tention of the plowmanv themselvesand in connectionwith the 'new manganese-1Q: the {locomotive or traction engine, in ordeito have the' cutting or; plow:- ing bythe drum assist the'forwardmovement of, hemachine by-havihg a'pushng effect, in-

stead'of dragging backward and-hindering .the forwardjmovement as'wouldbe done with a .share drum cutting the ground upwardlywhiler'otating' inthe reverse. direction. The

' share drum should also becapabl'e of rising 6c automatically 1: without; attention of' .the plowman shoal the olittersbrs'hares strikeanobstruction, and' the-dtum, while having this vertical s'e1fadjustment, should be roground, and provisio'u -s hou-ld,also be madefor raisingthe drumabove the ground surface by hand power and holdi-ngorkicking it thus raised while the machine is standing still'or while itis traveling on the road to and-from the place'of use;

The plow should cut molds to any desired depth. uniformly and also foran unbroken or] 7 5 continuous width sufficient to-cover the track ofboth running wheels of the locomotive-trac- I tion en'gine,.o'r for awidth covering at least the track of one running wlieel, to allowp'lowtraction wheels run on solid unplowed ground and do not spoil thework already done. The uniform depth to which the share drum works inthe ground should also be automatically 8 ting by the drum and withoutrequiring 'at- In constructing a single machine capable c of workingsatisfactorily inall respects above named,"and in view of the largeamount of .inventive .work-wliich has heretofore been done in rot-aryplows, I; have almost necessarily availed myself of certain generalfeatures of construction of prior machines of this character. I.-have,however,:devis ed=many inherently new'features and ha'vemad'enovel'combinations ofold features, both with or in coustructions'andmodes of operation, all as.

' hereinaftermore fully explained:

the greatest number of desirable old and new features in the mostadvantageous manner, to.produce the best plowing with the leastexpenditure of power and minimum labor of attendants.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyingdrawings, formingpart of thisspecification, and in which similar numerals indicate correspondingparts in the different views. a

Figure 1 is a side view of the rotary plow. Fig.2 is a plan viewthereof, partly in horizontal section. Fig. 3 represents a simple formof plow share" Figs. 4 and 5 show preferred forms of shareshavingstepped cutting edges. riations pf the strippers for the plowshares, the end viewsin Figs. 6 and 7 being taken fromthe opposite endof the share drum to that shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and Figs. 10 to 13,inclusive, illustrate various adaptations of a pilot orgage wheel forregulating the depth of cutting of the share drum.

A locomotive or traction engine or motor of any suitable character, andusing steam, gas, oil, compressed air or electricity, as a means ofgenerating. power, may be used. The drawings show an ordinary steamlocomotive 1, having a cranked shaft 2, operated from the steam piston,and rotating a parallel shaft 3 by any suitable gearing. On the shaft 3is a chain wheel 4, over which passes a driving chain 5, which engagesanother chain wheel on the axle 6, while at the other side of themachine the shaft 3 carries a gear wheel which meshes with intermediategearing engaging a gear wheel on the axle,which thus is rotated toadvance the machine by both driving chain and'direct toothed-wheelgearing. The forward part of the locomotive is suitably supported bysmaller front wheels with the m le of which is connected chain and wormsteering gearing operativeby a hand wheel in reach of the plowman orattendant at the rear of the machine.

The main axis 6 carries a sprocket wheel 6', over which, passes adriving chain 8 to another sprocket wheel 9 on a transverse drivingshaft 10, which is journaled in boxes on a vibratory frame 15 hungpreferably on the main axle 6, on which it may oscillate vertically. Theshare drum 16 is preferably supportedloosely-on anon-rotating-shaffi-M', which is held-at the rear end of the vibratoryframe 15. The drum is composed of a series of knife-like shares whichare'fastened to the extremity of a series of spider frames 17 v The hubs.18 of the two inner or intermediate spiders 171 are the shaft-'14, but.the two hubs 18 of the outer or-end spiders are fastened tothe-lengthened hubsof. gear-wheels 13, .13, which are placed loosely oneupon each end of the shaft 14v.

By rotating the 'wheels 13, the share drum will be rotated in likedirection. t'ate the wheels 13 and the dru m from theshaft 10 bysprocket and chain wheei gearing, but I prefer to employ at each side ofthe machine Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9-show different va-.

placed directly and loosely-(in I may roan intermediategear wheel 12,which engages the adjacent wheel 13, and is engaged by a toothedwheel 11fast on the shaft 10.

Suspension frames substantially like the frame 15 have before been usedin rotary plows to support: a share drum or toothed drum for working thesoil. In some instances this frame giving vibratory support ,to the drumis inclined rearward from the pivot shaft as in my plow, and in thatshown in United States Patent No. 100,183. The suspension frame carryingthe cutting drum has also been inclined forward from the pivot -shaft,as in United States Patent No. 243,843.

In the first named class to which my plow belongs, there isa tendency,when the share drum rotates in like direction with the runs ning'wheels,to lift the drum in or entirely from theground by the pull or draft ofthe driving gearing which rotates the drum, while in the other case, orwith the forwardly inclined suspension frame, the driving gearing has atendency to force the drum downward farther into the ground. 1 a

In my plow, arranged asshown in the draw ings, the wheel 6' on the axle6 is to be considered the driving wheel with respect to the share drum,and l have purposely given this wheel 6' the same rotation direction asthe share drum, in order to permit the plow to rise easily withitssuspension frameand without danger of overstraining or breaking thepower transmitting gearing, shouldthe drum meet too great an obstructionin the ground. It will be understood,however, that with the drivingmechanism of the prime motor otherwise'arranged, the shaft -10 may beconsidered the driving shaft or the direct agentin rotating the sharedrum, and the suspension frame 15 may also be pivoted or hung directlyon this shaft 10, instead of on the motor axle '6.

The arrangement of the share drum in a vibratory suspension frame behindthe running o'r traction wheels, and-to rotate inlike direction-withsaid wheels in order to cut downward from the ground surface, and

thereby assist the forward movement of the,

plow apparatus and most easily and directly deposit the molds, is mostdesirable. The suspension frame and sharedrum'should at the same time becapable of rising automatically should the drum meet too greatau-obstruction. It isnecessary, therefore, that some means heprpvided'to fully'securethese adjustments and advantages while-assuringthat theshare dru m shall always work to any desired uniform depth, orin other words, to secure the advantages while preventing the too sharedrum from being lifted from proper working position when it does notstrike an obstructionjn the ground. I

In .my early. experiments, I connected 'sprocketiwheels on the sharedrum by open chain belts with lar er chain'wheels on the 'rufnningwheels 7, o the motor, and substantially'as' shown in the above namedUnited States PatentNo. 100,183,-and before I had motor axle and runningwheels were the drivpension frame and drum would be overcome Y drum;-

.these different relative rotative'speeds" in the the driving .wh'eelfi!is" rotated by'or fromtho terent and'mueh improved results. It isde-'knowledge of said patent. In this case the ing meansfor rotating theshare" drum in like direction with the running wheels, but the drivingmeans had a'slower rotative speed than the share drum. In" attemptingjouse this construction, I soon found that the draft of the drive chainwould at timesraise the suspensionframe and lift the share drum in orfromthe ground and make good plowing impossible, and if I. attempted .tolock the suspension frame to .'h0ld the share d-r'um down to properworking depth, this would prevent automatic rising of the frame with thedrum, should the latter strike an obstruc-;

culty- I further studied and experimented, and discovered that if theshare drum-were operated by or from a drivingshaft or means-whichrotated in the same direction but faster'than' the drum, this drafttendency to lift the sustto necessary extent and the drum would be.cgntinnouslyrotated and would not-rise from its work, unless it met aserious obstructionv in 'the ground, and then it wouldrise-automatically and avoid injury to itself or its driving mechanism;1 therefore-consider that same direction, of .12118. share ldruin' andits driving shaftormeans, is an important feature of my invention and.embodies a correct principle of'operatiou'. I

- Inthe construction shown-in-the drawings,

motor shafts 2, 3, and-at aspeed faster thanthat of the share drum, andthe intermediate sh'aft'10 on the suspension frame is rotated from-thewheel-6'51: a speed faster than saidwheel and: considerably-"faster thanthe share I willnextfdescribe certain. peculiar featuresofsconstrnctiqn: of the share d'rumwh'ich may appear todifir' butslightly fromprior constructions, but'operaiively effect verydif sirablethat the knifedike shares .of'the'drum' shall cut com pact moldsdownward fronfthethen lift these lmeldsgand immediately de-.

'posit them,;rgularlyto. the reariniuverted'a' "used onlthe drum,this'hform-of share with a -continneus or -.unst eppe' d inclinededgewill not allow'uninterrupted cutting of molds dur- Aj drum 'havingshareswhose cl ttin'gedgos are parailel'with-"the drum shaft would cutinoldsg'downwardjfrom comparatively dry soil; ianddeposit the-moldsrearwardpn-thaground; immediatelybehingLlthe ;pla c e from which theywere out, but in ordettospace such-par all'el edged 'shares -a'suflicient distance aparteircumferentially aroundthe drum to deposit themolds without having. one' -falling mold interfere with the-cuttingof,thefnextr mold b)" h fo n h r s q iis s s to: separate the "sharesjcircumferentially im snch nanner'as will not-permit one share toQ begihlcutting-i'tsmold-before the pre'cediug'= ing out. while not havingtendency to throw 'sliare'hadlstopp'ed cutting, l fiencethe share drumwould not cut continuously for its ehtire width or circumference andtheshock to the drum rotating mechanism would be very great as each sharebegan its-cut. 0n the other hand, were the cutting edges of the sharesinclined at a eonsiderable or too great angle from the axis-of the drum,the shockprevent-in continuous cut? of the shares, from end'to en of'thedrumis obtained, but the shares will not lift the-molds bodily anddeposit them regularlyv to 'thelrea'r in inverted condition. 4

Duringmy extended practical experiments, I haveprqduc'ed a share'drumwhich avoids both the above undesirable extremes in operative' results.-Because-of the diflferent nature of soils'in diflferent. localities,.I'an not able to statethe precise angle whichfthe cutting edges'of thedrum shares should have to .obtain-the' best or most easy shearingactionwhile cutting, but this angle should not exceed approximately thirtydegreesfrom the axial line '0 shaft -of the drum. In other ;words, Ihave discovered that when the angle, -o -of inclination of the cuttingedges of the-drum sharos'oxceed's an inclination approximating thirtydsgrees, -'thetshares' 'will;sim'ply 'eutthrough the ground and the outmolds will slip from and over-the shares and will be left thesame'sideinp onitheground but thrown {endwise more 'orles's-xelstivelytothe place whence' they were out; It will therefore .be

- understoodthat wherein.'thisispecification,-

and with; refero'nce't 'the smug edges of the shares,- .I. mention an.angle noti'exceeding thixgy degrees,1I mean-@nyfaugle less than a.maximum approximate .of*thirty'degrees and :w'hieh will assure easy;cutting. of the molds.

:by shearing action" of the shares and permit.

-the sharestojlift theeut molds: bodily and deposit-them rearward'in"inverted, condition.

too-

1 ain not aware-of. -any'fprior construction v of rotary plevvwhose=share 'dl'llln operateswith ftesqi r tts it results; I Eiggfi'qfthedrawings'isinserted simply for rpos s of. comparison, and representswin- -face.vieiv'..}a;Sil1, Ple form ofsl'ant-ing share 16',

made ofa'in'etal plate having attached steel ,cutters f0rmingtheedge=1(iinclined atd'esi'rable angle'of twelve degrees; A S'Vhe'n :the preferred'uulnherof threeshares is to be ing the. entirerotation-bfithe sharedrum, or

cgnpracticall y increases the circumferential widt'hof the, share-toanextent'securing this --unintei'rupted cutting of \molds,during the-entir o rotation of the drum, and without altermg thedesirahleinclinecofthe cuttingjedges 1 0f theshares. .f Thised'geincline should be a modeiate one givingt'he'shares an easyshearor'd'eposit the cut molds too far endwis e, to assure cutting,lifting anddeposit of the'molds with the least expenditure of power. g

Preferred construction'sof dru m shares having stepped cutting edges areshown in Figs.

' of the share. Fig. illustrates how'each share may be made up of aseries of plates stepped rearward 'each way from a central line b'uteach section of thiss'hare also has-a cutting edge set at about thesameangle of twelve degrees. This s yle of share practically preventsendwise t row or thrust of the molds; cut by it, and therefore ispreferred in prac-' I show this preferred style of share. on

tice. the drum in 2 of the drawings,which also illustrates how theshares 16 are held .1:0 the spiders 17, so closely end to end that theshares will cut molds for acontinuous'width equalingthe entire distancebetween the'outer' endsof the outside shares, whereby no part of theground'within these limits will be left uncut lathe path of thedrum,,while at the same time oneshare will begin its downward cut beforethe preceding share finishes its out, thereby causing acomparativelyuniform resistance of the share drum in the ground for its entirecircumferential: cutting surface or edge and ayoiding shocks to thepower trans mitting' mechanism which rotates the drum.

Another feature of construction of the drum having shares' provided withcutting edges inclined at an angle not exceeding an approxi-- mateofthirty'degrees, consists in giving the shares an inward cur'vejfrom'edge to heel movement of the plow apparatus, but materie which not onlygives-the rotating shares heelclearance to accommodate the advancingally.assists in'loosening. the-molds from the ground and in invertingthem prior to their discharge rearward from the shares.

1 have provided stripper devices or m'ecli anism to positively drop the'cut molds from the drum'shares'at the rear side of the drum and as soonas possible after theshares raise" the molds from'the ground. Thisimmediate. droppingdf the; molds assures their deposit regular] yininverted condition and also pro.- vents carrying of molds cut fromstickyor clay-like soil upward by the shares and over 4 at the top of the drumand therefore largely economizes the driving power, while prevedting'the fall of the molds in front 'of the'drufm which if permittedwould'serionsly interfere with or entirely prevent the proper cutting ofmolds.

It was to provide' for the use of y a stripper device near the groundand at the rear side of ashare drum which cuts molds downwardly from theground surfacewhile rotating in the same direction as the running ortraction wheels of the plow apparatus, that I have considered it best tousea non-rotating shaft on which the drum rotates, in order to allow thestripper were arranged near the ground in rear of the drum and'wh'erethe-shares descend in rotation, the stripper would prevent properdeposit of the molds.

of my stripper device which consists of a selves fixed to thenod-'rotating'shaft 14 of the share drum. ln'this construction the heelsof the rotating shares 16 just clear the outer edges of the relativgystationary strippers 20.

.Fig. 6 illustrates how I may fix a number of knives 20 to the shaft 14,and have these knives project rearward in the same relation shares,.orthe knivesii'ray be used in connection with the plates 20, if desired.

desirable to have astripper device act asclosely aspossible to 'theentire inner curved {lace of each share from itscutti'ng edge to eel.ther improvement which consists in providing the relativelystationarymtripper' device with an extensible or movable outer part,

-which automatically conforms tothe curved inner faces of the shares, tostrip the molds cleanly or entirely therefrom. Thismovable outer partofthe stripper device; after the eel of one share passes by it, may beretractg to its outermost position to act directly next the'cutting edgeoffthe following share, by either springs or weights, springs beingpreferable. Fig. 7. shows such movable stripper plates 21-, which arepivotedtothe outer ends of arms 20" fastened to the non-rotating sharewhich carry their working edges back from the position shown in dottedlines, after the .heelof each share passes by them, to the po.- sition'shown in full lines to begin a'cti-ng next the cutting edge of thefollowing share. Fig. 9 shows how one ormoreooiledsprin'gs 20" may befastened at oneend to the'druin shaft 14, and so that the outer edge of'the sprin itself forms the stripper device and is iheld mpropearelation to first act on the relatively stationary strippers to befixed toout, of the way of the cutting, and if such .pla'teftlO fixed toarms 19, which are them-- 5 Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings show one form1 as shown for the plates 20. These knives may be used alone and willtransversely subdivide the molds as they strip them from the drum ,Inorder to prevent clogging-of the drum. and promote clean cutting of theshares; His

To assure this action lhave made fur drum shaft 14, and provided withsprings 22,

shares next their cutting edges by one or. more tie chains 23, whichpermits the stripping edge 'of thespring to move over the entire-im nercurved face'of each'share.

I have also made a furtheriulprovement which consists iti-combini1g;with a mryro tatipgbut adjustable stripper devicefanieaneof operatingeaid-device by one: share of the drum tofca'use the'stripper to conformtetheinner curved face of another share thereof to discharge the cutmolds therefrom. A preferred embodiment'ot this improvement is showniuFig.'8 of the drawings, wherein the stripperdevice is pivoted to theendof a fixed arm 240a the drum shaft'14,-and a le- Ver 25, preferablycarrying hue or'more antifriction rollers at its'outer end,is pivoted toanother fixed arm'24 on ;tl 1e; drum shaft, and is connected bya.li'nlewith the inner. end of the stripper 20 Any suitable spring orweight n-aybe usedto throw both parts 20", to outermost positions. The finuercleau curved face of theshare'laststripped strikes the lever 25or-its friction rollers, while the. :5- outer end of'the stripper 20?".is next the cut ting edge of the. iiextfollowing share which has alreadyon t andi'aised a mold 'fronithe ground, and as then-rum continues torotate, the curved in n'erface of the preceding share b actuatesthe'lever 25jand causes the strip'pen '20: tofconfor'm closely totheentire inner cnrved' faceof the rising "share and cleanlyv strip theraisedrnold therefrom; and this share will in turn. act ;on thel'ever25,-ahd-so on, every succes'siveshaie heing cleanly stripped i by'thedevioe fiqf' -actuat ed by-jthe contactpf the precedingsha're withthe lever. r Anotherimportantfeatu-re of m' invention, when cohsider'edin coniiectipu'withthe rota- ,tionof' the share druin in likedirection-with -therunniug wheels and tocut' molds downy ward from-the'-ground in rfae, consists .in making the share n'mu broaaenough, Orto so adjust it laterally, that it'Twill plow the ground fora widthcovering the path or track of at least oneof the running= ortractionwheels.7. r

- In Fig.2 of the'drawingsthedru n is broad enough to cutmplds forawidth cov 'eringthe path o'fboth wheels 7,1, but should the sharej. drumof' a"ligh-te1' machine be; nade much; narrower or shorter, itshould belateral] y dis= posed'to'plow-bver the-path of at leasto'ne of ,the'wheels. When the drum cuts 'over the 5 5 'path of both wh'eels', n'ewstrips'can beplowed along an already plowed'p'artohthe ground to eitherthe right or left hand sid'qiwithout r'equiringeither ofthet'ractiouwheels to run on the already plowed ground, but when .the6o.drun1 cuts-ov er-the' pathfof but one wheel, a" newstrip eanbe'plowed-onlyon one side-next" an already plowedstrip'whilie ikeepin 'gbdth wheelso'tf the plowedgr'eun a It is important that thedrum shouldbe capable of plowing the entire. g'ro'undwithout runs on the plowedground it will not only ruin the plowing in its track, but it will sinkdeeply and throw the entire apparatus out of lateral level and causethe. share drum to plow much more deeply at one end than at its otherend. thereby producing unevenly deep and incorrectwork." 4

In Fig; 1 of. the drawings, the.-.-tneoretical 'l position of 'theregularly deposited molds is shown, but in practice the tops of themolds. would break off; The molds may also, be broken to any desiredgreatenextent by in'% creasing the inward curve or bend of the'dr'um 8eshares from edge to heel over that-necessary to give heel-clearance tothershare's'and invertahe molds. during-rotation of the advancing rum.-

- 2 in; many'ins'tauces it maybe desirableor' 8'5 necessary to mountauxiliary motors '15'upon the plow apparatus, and .preferably'uponftlfesuspension frame 15, and c'onuectthes'e mo- -tors-'by' induction pipes15" withiah'e'steam boiler or'other compressed fluid reservoir of go thetraction engine;- or these auxiliary nio-v tors may be electricmotorsSaid-auxiliary} motors are "connected-preferably by cranks withthe intermediate shaft 103 and'assist' in rotating it at a speedsyuchrono'uswith that 5 the shaft receives directly from the drivingbelts-and 'wheels h', 9 of the traction engine gearing. B'y mounting theauxiliary motors directly on the suspension frame andas franie, themovement of-the motors during vertical movement .orivibration of theframe is 'so slight that I am able to use'd-urabl'e mes t'allic'pipes 15forvthe-steamlor coinpressed sainwhile having every advantage of direct1.6- andpermanent connection between the pistonsof the motors 15, andthe.drivihg shaft- '.1-0 from which the sharedifum i'srotated.

The. standor platform 26for the plowman oe -1e.- safely sustain gearingfor r'a'ising 'or lowering. the suspension frameld and its share'drum.Achai'n527 connected'to acrossbar of the frame extends-upward to a wincha shaft28 adapted to receive a crank 'by which thewinch'may beoperatedhy hand to wind and unwind theichain for raising oriow eringthe-suspension'franie This gearingfis ralsofladaptedfor operationbypower 'de-rived no from the motor, shaft 2, in order to adj ust'theframe 15 more easilyii A c'hain begzflfi r-uns *tfro'm a sprocket 'wheel30 ou-a bev l ge'aiing shaft of thewinch 28 to asprocket wheel on Thiswheel 3l.'aud 'a'n'other friction-wheel 32 are both journaled to avibratory frame or le ver 33, whichisfulcrurned 'at 33' 'tofastaud aidon miscarriage; and may be adj usted to bringleither oue. 'of the wheelsBl or '32 into'rgo contact withacontinuously running friction .wheelontheshaft 20f themo'torj inechanisrn.

running the :heavyjraction wheelson the plowed land; because if one ofthe wheels,

The shafts of the wheels 31-; 32 areigea'red to each other by toothedwheels which compel siclosely as possible to the pivot shaft. 6 of the[00 or attendant is niade especially strong in 01 no gearing 28 ou-thestaud'26, This gearing has 1 5 a shaft-which carries afriction"3wheel'-3L' 1 :5

. frame and share drum at the will of the plowman handling the lever 33.

The unevenness of the ground influences the extent of penetration orworking depth of the:p1ow. This is illustrated in Fig. of the drawingswherein the dotted lines A, A indicate conditions of ground surfacewhich would cause the share drum to work to a less V and greater depthrespectively.

'A uniform depth of workingis essential to any good plowing apparatus.If automatic devices are not provided to assure this operation' by mymachine, the plow-man on the stand 26 would be required to constantlyatljust the share drum vertically by manipulating the lever 33, to throwthe drum raising and lowering gearing above described into operation toaccommodate the uneven ground surface. This would require great skilland care on the part of the plowman and would also be tiresome work.Hence it is desirable to provide automatically operating devices'toassure constant proper working depth of the plow. This may be done in asimple manner by journaliug the shaft of agage wheel 40 in verticallyadjustable boxes 44 supported in slotted brackets 41 fastened tocross-pieces 43 of the sharedrum suspension frame 15. This constructionallows the gage wheel to be set.

at anyrequired height, so as to run on the unplowed ground directlyaitthe front and centerof the share drum and uniformly gage the depth ofcutting of the shares. Vheu this gage wheel is used, the suspensionchain 27 .will be'slackened off to permit the entire weight of the drumand outer parts of its'suspension frame 15 to rest on the gage wheel 40,which is made broad enough to prevent it sinking into the ground. \Vhenthe share drum is purposely lifted from the ground the gage wheel islifted with it. I prefer, however, to automatically regulate the workingdepth of the drum shares by the aid of directly applied pow'er actingconjointly with one or more ground gage wheels, or controlled directlyby lever mechanism in reach of the plowman.

Fig. 11 of the drawings illustrates both adaptations, while Fig; 12shows an automatic adjustment for cutting depth. by the agency of aground wheel the movements of which control the valves of a hydraulicdevice by which the share drum is adjusted. Fig. 13 shows details of thevalves of said hydraulic device.

I will first describe the construction shown in Fig. 11, as follows: Thechain 27, hanging from the winch 28; is here fastened to and laid arounda chain wheel or drum 116, the shaft of which is jonrnaled in hearingson the share drum. suspension frame 15, and is pro vided with a frictionwheel. An oscillatory frame having pendentlever arms51 isjournaled onthe shaft of the chain wheel 46, and carries two friction wheels 47, 48;both normally in contact with the friction wheel on the chain wheel ordrum 46. Either of these wheels 47. 48 may be brought in contact withthe continuously. runningfriction wheel 49 on the intermediate drivingshaft 10 of the share drum mechanism. On the frame 15 is also journaleda shaft 54, to which are'fixed rearwardly projqctin'glarms 53, 'to whichthe ground gage wheel '40 is journaled. Onthe shaft 54 are also fixedelbow levers 55, the

upper arms of which have suitable pin and slot onnections with. thelever arms 51 of the oscillatory friction wheel frame 50. The lowerrearward portions of the elbow lovers have series of holes adaptedto-receive pins 52 passedthrough the gage wheel arms 53, to allowdifferent initial adjustmentsrof the gage wheel relatively to the sharedrum, to

control the working of the drum to any de-' sired predetermined maximumdepth. A hand lever 56, in reach,of the plowman has a pendent push-rod57 which connects with an arm 58 fixed to the shaft 54, and allows thefriction wheel frame 50 to be rocked by hand to cause lifting of theshare drum,as hereinafter explains Should the share drum be plowing toodeeply, the gage wheel 40 is relatively raised and rocks the levers 55and frame 50, so as to throw the friction wheel 47 against the run ningfriction wheel {19, thereby winding the chain 27 cathewheel 46; andraising the share drum until it again plows at proper depth. If the drumdoes not plow deeply enough, the gage wheel 40 will rock the parts 55,50,-so as to swing the other friction wheel 48 to the wheel 49, andcause unwinding of the chain 27 from the wheel 46, thereby letting downthe drum to proper working depth. To cause mechanical raising of theshare drum at any time desired, the plowman will simply press down onthe lever 56, which wil; lower the arm 58 and rock the parts 55, 50, trengage the friction wheel 47 with the wheel 49 and thereby wind the.chain 27 on the wheel 46, and lift'the suspension frame 15 to carry theshare drum and gage wheel to any desired height above the groundsurface.

In Fig. 12 of the drawings, the hydraulic cylinder 56 has a rockingconnection with the share drum suspension frame 15, and preferably withthe intermedlatedriving shaft 10. The piston 57' is fixed to a mass,whichhas a rocking connection at 59' with a shaft or pivot sustained onthe plowmams platform 26'. y The fluid pressure tube 59 opens tothecylinder above the piston 57 ',and the suction tube 60 opens to thecylinder belowthe piston. .If' water is" pumped into-the cylinderthrough th'e'pipe 59, the cylinder will be raised and will raise thesuspension frame 15.and share dram 16 with itpand if the waterisadmitted through the pipesfit) belowthe piston, the share drum will belowered. To obtain 30,56 below the piston 57."

the pressure, a pump 60"is used. Thepunip valves areshown-inverticalsection in: Fig.'- 13 of the drawings. The pump piston may beactuated byacrank on the driving shaft '10, as'shown in Fig. 12, but itmay also be operated from the shaft of theihtermediate wheel 12 olttheshare drum driving gearing. Thispumpmay have either singlepr doubleaction and has a suction valve 62 andpr'e'sslife valve-63. The pumppiston isconstantly actuated but. the pump is stopped, by opening of thesuction valve. In this case the share drum'will remain ata certainheight The letting down of the 'plow'iseffected by, z 5 raising thepressure-valvewhen-the'suction valve is open. In this case the pressurewa-' ter' entering through the tube 59 pas'sesfreelybyihe openpressurevalve 63 and suction valve-62 and via thetube 60. to thecylinder-$- 'The capacity of the suspension. framev to yield or riseautomatically over aniahstrpzd-- tionis not interfered with byei'thenof,the depth regulating mechanisms shown in Figs.

1101-, 12. f In the former; the suspension chain To. raise. the plow incasef'the-prime motor and-the pump driving means arenote-inopcylinder-bf which; is in communication with: the spacebetweenthesueti nhnd'ipressure valves of th'e' nnai'nfpunipg yworkingthe-"pump handle-68 the) inaimpumpwalve are utilized -whileraisingfthe'plewfhyhand-pum p 75 ,action, and withoutJ'equiri'ngfiepajrait or independent valves-fie? the; hand-593mm.

- y useitoneiliriiail- 3".'i'l ;1 0.1mm inghir uy.u hihqanagsgtne,'storm the s a efirumms n' F z- 0 ;1 a two narrower gagewheplsmane-running op.- the ground at each end or. "the drum and-.as.

indicated-in- Fig'-. l2 oflhe'drawings...

"In conclusion, I. state-'tha'ti'l have closely tivating apparatus or.m'adhinesg'partiularly those shown in United States. Patents Nos. 2,600,40,711,44, e77,100,183, 144,820, 174,275, 234,882, 248,848, 300,413, I309,887,: 848,401,

vention anything'sh iwn; fieseribedrorlclaimed in theaforesaidfpriorgpatents. 'ljhe'se. prior.

5' 27 w0uld1 simply be slackened or doubled up patentedconstruetions mayhere'and there as the-suspension frameand drum were raised while passingoveran obstruction; and with the hydraulic de'yice, the share drum inrising over an obstruction would carry the-cylinder- 56'. upwardandcause the piston toenter it ifartherandfform a-vacuum in'-t hecylinder above the piston. i This causes theifvalve to open :and fillthe cylinder above the piston ,w ithwater, thereby preventing *shockwhen g the share drumagain falls to proper working position afterpassingthe, obstruction. i The valves of thehydraulic device are con- ?trolleddirectly and automatically, and subcistantially-in accordance with thesame gen? -'eral;operative principle as with the friction wheelmechanism shown inFigJl, whichfis tocause automatic mechanical.regulation of the, working depthflof the plowby or from a gage wheel orwheels running onthe ground.

The. hydraulic pump valves are actuated from the gage wheel40,'the'arms53 of which are. connected .by-a r0d 65 with the long arm p oif a lever64,- the short arm of which is adapted seltopi'esgupward the stem of thesuction valve 62, which after [moving upward sufficie'ntly;

to open,- is-adapted by further-movement to' also open the pressurevalve 63- above it.

In operatiomif the gage'wheel40 descends. I relatively to thesuspension-frame 15 of the" share'drumand the drum is not cutting deeplyenough, .the gage wheelarms 53 draw down the rod 65, and pull the lever64, tolift .the

'suctl.on'-valve, thereby shuttingoff the pump. 6 If thelifting of thesuction valveis continued, said valvethen opens, the pressurevalve also;and the share drum then descends to proper" .working depth. Should theplow work, too

deeply in the ground,the gage wheel arms 53 fis -will raise the rod 65,and the lever 64-'will release the valves andthe pump is operated un-'til the plow is raised toproper working depth.

show apart oedescrihe a-general mode of opera-tioli in somerespectsisimilar'to thatslfowli 9 5' and "described herein by ine, "if't-here= ar ei many new constructionsfand hovel combine tionsand; anb-comhi'nations, pizpart's or, elements'in my apparatus,-.indicated bythe ap priorcons'tructiops and. which I ,deeni essen tialio a successfulor;.thoroughl-y'practical p w app t ses Having thus described rpy,:in,vention, I

carryipg knife-like shares-which have shearing edges inclinedhtim'oderatepitch, not exand lift and 'subsequently dephsit molds. 2.A'rota'ry plow'having arrevoluble drumcarryi'ng knife -lik'e share swhichgfcnt the ground downwardl from, the, top and have exceedingthirty. degrees-,- ahdadep q to cut 1 and lift molds anddeposit-themrearward.-'

'3. A rotary plowjhavingarevoluhledrum carryinga series of, knife-likeahares'arranged circumterentiallyaroundithidriim and-act m.

ingsuccessrvelyan'd widen-continuous circum'ferential cut, saidshareshaving ahearin g edges inclined at moderate; p'itch,': not exceed: ingthirty-degrees,

carrying knife-'1ike'-shareS,-eachiharefhaving a stepped edge formedofja series of "'cdtti'ng. edges disposed for successive operation and jinclined at moderate-2' pi t'ch,-: notexceeding 'thirtydegreesn I 5;A-rotary-plow-having arevolubledruni carrying knife-like'shflites'ybmshare having a cutting edge formedlofiaseriefs of stepped edges,;.extending rearward each way from a oration, 1 have-provided}; hagnd'p'uuip67, the. 79

-849,8o7- nd 396,170,,. 1 do notcl'aimas m in. 8

pended claims, which; are not disclosed by rcp claim as newanddesire'.to,secure by Letters ceedingthirty degrees, and adapted to cut. i to,

shearing edges inclined atirnod'e'rate' pitch, not i: 5

4. Arotary plow havihg a di'um" in;

' eeeding thirty central or intermediate point toward both ends, eachstepped edge portion being inclined at moderate pitch, not exceedingthirty degrees.

6.. A rotary plow having a revoluble drums carrying knife-like shareswhich have shearing edges inclined at moderate pitch, not. ex-

degrees, said shares also being curved inwardly from edge to heel toaccommedate tbeadvancing movement and drop (tlhe cut molds rearwardly ininverted'conition.

7. A rotary plbwhaving ii revoluble dru'm carrying a serirs ofknife-like shares, each share formed with a seriesof cutting edgesdisposed for successive operation-and inclined at moderate pitchnotexceeding thirtydegrees, said shares alsobeiug curve'dinwardly fromstepped edge to heel to accom modate the advancing movement and droptheoint molds rearwardly in inverted condi'tion.;,.

8. A rotary plow havinga revoldbledrum carrying knife-like shares, eachshare having a cutting edge formed of a series of stepped edgesextending rearward each way from a central or. intermediate point towardboth ends, each stepped edge portion being inclined at moderate pitchnot exceeding thirty degrees, said "hares also being curved 1nwardiyfrom edges to heel to accommodate the advancing movement and dropthecutmolds directly rearward in'inverted condition.

9. A rotary plow having a revoluble drum carrying knife-like sharesdisposed endwise to cut and lift moldsfrom the ground for a spaceequaling in width the entire distance between-the outer ends of theoutside shares,

said shares having cutting'edges inclined at moderate pitch, .notexceeding thirty degrees.

10. A rotaiy plow having a revoluble drum carrying knife-like sharesdisposed endwise to cut and lift molds from the ground for a spaceequaling in width the entire distance between the outer ends of theoutside shares, said shares having cutting edges inclined at moderatepitch not exceeding thirty degrees and also being curved inwardly fromedge to. heel to accommodate the advancing movement and liiLand drop thecut molds rearwardly'in inverted condition.

11. A rotary plow hr ving a revoluble drum carrying knife-like a -resdisposed endwise. to cut and lift molds from' the ground fora spaceequaling in width the entire distance between the outer ends of theoutside shares,

- said shares being each forinedwith a series.

of stepped cutting edges disposed 'forysnccessi've operation andinclined at-moderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees.

12. A rotary plow having a revoluble drum carrying lrnife-like sharesdisposed endwise to cut and lift molds from the ground for a. spaceequaling in width the entire distance between thev outer ends of theoutside shares, each share being formed with aseries of stepped cuttingedges disposed for successive vehicle wheels.

operation and inclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees,said shares also being curved inwardly from edges to heel to accommodatethe advancing movement and drop the cut molds rearwardly in invertedcondition.

13. A rotary plow, comprising a'vehicle, a suspension frame pivotedthereto and extending rearward, a revoluble (gum mountedon said, frameand carrying nife-like shares having cutting edges inclined at moderatepitch not exceeding thirty degrees, and driving gearing on the vehiclerotating the drum. 14. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspensionframe pivoted thereto and extending rearward, a revoluble drum mountedon said frame and carrying knife-like shares having cutting edgesinclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees, and drivinggearing on the vehicle rotating the drum in like direction with thevehicle wheels.

15. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspension frame pivotedthereto and extending rearward, a revoluble drum mounted on said frameand carrying knife-like shares having cutting edges inclined at moderatepitch not exceeding thirty degrees,said shares also being curved inwardfrom edge to heel to accommodate the advancing movement and drop the cutmolds rearwardly in invertedcondition, and driving gearing on thevehicle rotatingthe drum in like direction with the 16. A rotary plow,comprising a vehicle, 9.

suspension frame pivoted thereto and extend ing. rearward, a revolubledrum mounted on saidframe and carrying a series of knife-like shareshaving cutting edges inclined at mod- -erate pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees, said shares being disposed endwise to cut and lift molds fromthe ground for a space equaling in width the entire distance between theouter ends of the outside shares, and driving gearing on the vehiclerotating the drum.

17. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a

' suspension frame pivoted thereto, a revoluble drum mounted on saidframe and carrying knife-like shares having cutting edges inclined atmoderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees, a driving shaft or means onthe vehicle, and gearing interposed between the driving means and theshare drum, said driving shaft or means having a rotative speed fasterthan that of the share drum.

. V 18. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspension frame pivotedthereto, arevoluble drummounted on said frame and carryihg knife-likeshares having cutting edges in olined at moderate pitch not exceedingthirty degrees, a driving shaft or means on the vebible, and gearinginterposed between the driving means andthe share drum and rotating thedrum in like direction with the vehicle-wheels, saiddriving shaft ormeans having'a rotative speed faster than that of the sharedrum.

19. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a 1

suspension frame pivoted thereto, a revoluble drum mounted on said frameand carrying knife-like shares arranged in different circumferentialpositions around the drum fr successive but continuous cutting of molds,

5 said shares having cutting edges inclined at moderate pitch notexceeding thirty degrees, a driving shaft or meanson the vehicle, andgearing-interposed between the driving means and the share drum, saiddriving shaft or means having a rotative speedfaster than that of theshare drum.v 4

20. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspension framepivoted-thereto, a revoluble drum mounted on said frame and'carrying r 5knife-like shares arranged in different circumferentiatpositions aroundthe drum for successive but continuous cutting of molds, said shareshaving cutting edges inclined, at

t moderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees, a driving shaft or; meanson the vehicle, and-gearing interposed between the driving means andthe-share drum and rotating the drum in like direction with the vehiclewheels, said driving shaft or means having a rotative 2 5 speed fasterthan that of the share drum.

7 21. A rotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspension frame pivotedthereto, a revoluble drum mounted on said frame and vcarrying knife-likeshares arranged in different cir o, eumferential positions around thedrum and disposed endwise for successive but continuous cutting of moldsfora space equalingin 7 width the entire distance between the outer endsof the outside sh ares, said shares having cutting edges inclined atmoderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees, a driving shaft or means on.the vehicle, and gearing interposed between the driving means 'and theshare drum, said driving shaft or means hav- 4o ing a rotative speedfaster than that of the share drum.

p 22. Arotary plow, comprising a vehicle, a suspension frame pivotedthereto, a revoluble drum mounted on said frame and carrying 5knife-like shares having cutting edges inclined at moderate pitch notexceeding thirty degrees, said shares also being curved inwardly fromedge to heel, a driving shaft or means on the vehicle,and gearinginterposed between said shaft and the share-drum and rotating the drumin like directionwith the vehicle wheels, said driving shaft or meanshaving a rotativespeed faster than that of the "share drum.

5 5 23. A rotary plow, comprisinga wheeled vehicle and a revoluble drumthereon provided with knife-like shares having cutting edges inclined atmoderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees and cutting molds from theground to a width covering the path offat least one of the vehicletraction wheels.

24. Arotary plow, comprising a wheeled ve= hicle and arevoluble drumthereon rotating in like, direction with the vehicle wheels and:'

6 5 provided with knife-like shares having out: I

ting edges inclined at moderate pitch not 'exwith the vehicle wheel s,said driving meansceeding thirty degrees and: cutting molds downwardlyfrom the ground to a width cov-- ering the path of at least one of thevehicle I traction wheels. 7o

' 25. Arotary plow, comprisinga wheeled ve- 4 hicle, a revoluble dr'umthereon provided with a series of knife-like shares arranged inlifferent circumferential positions aronndthe drum for successive.butcontinuous cutting of molds for a space equaling in width the entiredistance between the outer ends of the outside shares and covering thepath of at least one of the vehicle traction wheels, said shares havingcutting edges inclined at mod- 86 erate' pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees.

26. Arotary plow, comprising a wheeled vehicle, a suspension framepivoted thereto, a revoluble drum mounted on said frame and carryingknife-like shares having cutting edges inclinedat moderate pitchnot'exceeding thirty degrees and cutting molds from the ground to awidth covering the path of at least one of the vehicle traction wheels,a driving shaft or means-on the vehicle, and gearing interposed betweensaid driving means and the share drum, said driving means havinga'rotative speed faster than that 'of the share drum.

27. A rotary plow, comprising a wheeled ve- -h1'c'le,a suspension framepi'voted'thereto, a

revoluble drum mounted on said frame and carrying knife-like shareshaving cutting edges inclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees and cutting molds from the ground to a width covering the pathof at least one of the vehicle traction wheels, a driving shaft or meanson the vehicle, and gearing interposed between said shaft and the sharedrum and rotating the drum inlike direction having a rotative speedfaster than that of the share drum. 28. A rotary plow, comprisingawheeled vehicle,asuspension frame pivoted. thereto, a revoluble drummounted on said frame and carrying knife-like shares having cutting jedges inclined at moderate pitch not exceedi'ng thirty degrees, saidshares, alsojbeing curved inwardly from edge to heel and cut-- tingmolds from the ground to a width covering the ,path of at least one ofthe vehicle .traction wheels, and depositing the molds rearward ininvertedpondition, a driving shaft or means on the vehiclean'd gearingin- Izq terposed between said shaft and the share drum and rotating thedrum in likedirection with the vehicle wheels, said driving means havinga rotative speed faster than that of the share drum.

29. Arotary plow, comprisinga wheeled ve- 'hicle,a suspension framepivoted thereto, a revoluble drum mounted on saidframe and carrying-aseries of knife-like shares arranged :in diflerent circumferentialpositions around 3 the drum for successive but co ntinnous-cutting ofmolds from the ground to a width cov toothe share drum.

' 30. A rotarytplow,comprisingawheeled vehicle, a suspension framepivoted thereto, a,

revoluble drum mounted on-said frame and to cut and lift. molds from theground for a space equaling in width the entire distance between theouter ends of the outside shares, and to a width covering the path of atleast also being'curved inwardly from edge to heel to accommodate theadvancing movement and idrop the molds rearwardly in inverted -con-'dition, said shares also having cutting edges inclined at moderate pitchnot exceeding thirty degreesya driving shaft or means on the vehicle,and gearing interposed between said shaft and the share'drum and.rotating the drum in like direction with the vehicle '0 wheels, saiddriving shaft or means having a rotative speed faster than that of theshare drum. I

31. The share dru-m cutting molds downwardly from the ground surface,combined with a stripper common to all the shares and device dischargingthe molds therefrom.

32. The share drum "cutting molds downwardly from the ground surface,ombined with a stripper common to all thes arcs and c device locatedwithin and at the rear side of the drum and discharging the molds fromthe drum shares.

33. A rotary plow havinga revoluble drum carrying knife-like shareshaving cutting edges inclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees, and a stripper device .discharging the molds from the drumshares.

34. A rotary plow having a revoluble drum carrying knife-like shareshaving cutting edges inclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees, said shares also being curved inwardly from edge to heel,and astripper device discharging the molds from the drum shares. I p 5 5 35.A rotary plow havinga revoluble drum carrying knifelike shares havingcutting edges inclined at moderate pitch not exceed-' in'g,thirtydegrees and cutting molds downwardly from the groundsurface, andastripee'pe'r devicedischnrging the molds from the drum shares.

36. A rotary plow having a revoluble drum carrying a series of knife'like shares arranged eircumferentially around the drum for suc- 65vcessive butcontinuous cutting of molds downwardly-fr'om thegronndsurface, said shares carrying knife-like shares disposed endwise one ofthe vehicle traction wheels, said shares having cutting edges inclinedat moderate pitch not exceedingthirty degrees, and a stri pper devicedischarging the molds from the drum shares. r

37. The share drum revoluble on a non-rotating shaft, combined with astripper device flxedto the shaft and'dischargiug the molds from thedrum shares.

38. The sharedrum revoluble on a non-rotating shaftand a stripper devicefixed to the shaft and projecting toward the rear and 'discharging themolds from the drum shares shortly after the molds are lifted by theshares above the ground.

39. A rotary plow having a share drum revoluble on a non-rotating shaftand provided with a series of knife-like shares having cutting edgesinclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirtydegrees, anda stripperdevice fixed to the shaft and discharging the molds from the drumshares.

.40. A rotary plow having a share drum revoluble on a non-rotating shaftand provided with a series of knife-like shares havingcutting edgesinclined at moderate pitch not ex seeding thirty degrees, said sharesalso being curved inwardly from edge to heel,and astripper devicedischarging the molds from the drum shares. Y

41. A rotary plow having a share drum rev; oluble on a non-rotatingshaft and provided with a series of knife-like shares having cuttingedges inclined at moderate pitch not exceeding thirty degrees, saidshares cutting I loosely mounted thereon and carrying spiders or framesextending to the periphery of the drum, knife-like shares held to saidspiders or frames, and a stripper device held to the shaft-within theshares and discharging the moldstherefrom.

43. The share drum constructed with knifelike sharesjnwardly curved fromedge to heel,

combined with a non-rotating stripper device having extensible outerpart conforming to the entire inner curved faces of the shares andstripping molds therefrom. a

44. 'The share drum constructed with knifelike shares inwardly curvedfrom edge to heel, combined with a non-rotating stripper devicehavingextensiblebuter part conforming'to the entire inner curved facesof the shares and stripping molds therefrom, and a retracting deviceautomatically adjusting the extensible part of the stripper to beginacting nexr the cutting edge of each successive share of the drum. 1 r y45. The share drum constructed with-knifelike shares inwardly curvedfrom edge to heel,

combined with a non-rotating adjustable 55 share drum is automaticallyregulated from I stripper device, and means operated by one ingextensible .outerpa'rt conforming to the entire inner curved facesof theshares and stripping the molds therefrom.

47. A rotary plow having a-s'liare drum provided with knife-likesharescurved inwardly from edge to heel, and revolnble on a relativelystationary shaft, combined with a non-'ro'tat- ,ing stripper deviceheldto said shaft, and means operated byone share of the drum and causingthe stripper to conform to the inner curved face of another sharethereof to dis.- charge the molds therefrom.

48. In a rotary plow, the combination, with. a vehicle and its tractionwheel axle, of a sus-. pension frame hung on said axle, ashare drum onsaid frame, an intermediate driving shaft on the frame and rotated froma prime motor on the vehicle, gearing rotating theshare drum' from theintermediate shaft, a winch on the vehicle adapted for operation byeither power mechanism or hand power, and achainconnecting the winch andthe drum suspen-.

sion frame.

49. In-a rotary plow, the combinatiomwitha vehicle, of a suspensionframe pivoted thereto, a share drum on said frame, gearing rotating thedrum from a prime motor on the ve-- .hicle, a winch on the vehicle, achain suspending the druin frame. from the winch, a friction wheel onthe prime motor shaft, a lever fulcrumed on the vehicle and carrying twogeared. friction wheels each adapted to engagethe prime motor frictionwheel, and a belt connecting one of the geared friction wheels with thewinch, gearing;

50. In a rotary plow, the combination with avehicle, of asuspensionframe-pivoted thereto, a share drum on said frame, a suspension deviceon the vehicle for the drum frame, an

auxiliary motor device adapted to raise and lower the frame and drum,agage wh'eel held yieldingly and to run on the ground near the drum, andconnections from said wheel to the auxiliary motor device, substantiallyas de-- scribed, whereby the working depth of the an auxiliary motordevice adapted to' raise a and lower the frame and drum; a gage wheelheld yieldingly and to run on the ground 'nearthe drum, connections fromsaid wheel i'shaft.

to the auxiliary motor device whereby the -working depth of the share,drum is automatically regulated from .the ground surface by theagencyof' the gage wheel controlling the auxiliary motor, and meansoperative ,by hand power for controlling the operation of the auxiliarymotor device to raise the share drum from the ground when the plowapparatus isat rest." 1

52; Ina rotary plow, the combination, with a vehicle, of a suspensionframe pivotedk thereto, ashare drum on said frame, a suspension deviceon the vehicle for the drum frame and eoin-prisingachai-n laid around awheel whose shaft carries a friction wheel, a lever frame having twofriction wheels engagshaft on the suspension frame, a friction wheelon-said shaft to which either of the 'two leverframe friction wheels maybe adjusted,'a yielding ground gage wheel on the suspension frame, andconnections from the gage wheel to the lever frame, substantially asdescribed, whereby the working, depth of the share drum is automaticallyregulated from the ground by the gage wheel adjusting the frictiongearing on the lever frame relatively to the friction wheel on thedriving 53; In a rotary plow, the combinatiomwith avehicle, of-asuspension frame pivoted ing the first named friction wheel, a drivingthereto, a share drum onxsaid' frame, a sus- I pension device onthe'vehicle for the drum frame and'comprising a chain laid around awheel whose shaft carries a friction wheel, a lever frame having twofriction wheels en-- gaging the first named friction .wheel, a drivingshaft on the'suspension frame, a friction wheel on said shaft to whicheither of the two lever frame friction wheelsmay be adj nsted, ayielding ground gage wheel on the suspension frame, connections from thegage wheel 'to the lever frame, and'a hand lever. connection tothe gagewheel, substantially as described, whereby the working depth of theshare drum is automatically regulated from the ground by the gage wheeladjusting the friction wheels on the lever frame relatively .to thefriction wheel on the driving shaft, and

whereby also the share drum may be raised by the friction gearing undercontrol by the hand lever when the plow apparatus is'at rest.

54. In a rotary plow, the combination with a vehicle, of a suspensionframe pivoted thereto, a share drum on the frame, a prime .motor on thevehicle rotating the share drum,

and auxiliary motors on the suspension frame imparting rotative speed tothe d um synchronous with that it derives from t e prime shaft on thisframe and rotated-from a prime motor-on the vehicle, gearing. rotatingtheshai'o drum from t'heintermediate shaft, and In testimony wherootIaflix my signature anxggdary anotgrs on tluai snspansion frgmfe. inthe'presence at two witnesses. gen wit t e interme iatori'ving s a t andimparting to it and to the share drum ANDREAD MECHWART' 5 totativespeeds synchronous with those Lhe Witnesses:

. intermediate shaft and drum derive from the GEORGE H. BENJAMIN,

prime motor. HERMAN KUSTERER.

